新形势下高速公路前期工作推进思路的转变

通过近几年我省高速公路前期工作开展的情况,土地预审和报批是影响前期工作的首要控制因素,在高速公路前期工作逐步下放到地市的大环境下,项目管理基本都采用大包制,设计单位同时承担着设计与专题的双重任务,如何有效推进高速公路前期工作是一个值得思考的问题。     

Bottleneck congestion and distribution of work start times: The economics of staggered work hours revisited

Since the seminal work of Henderson (Henderson, J.V., 1981. The economics of staggered work hours. Journal of Urban Economics 9 (3), 349–364), a number of studies have examined the effect of staggered work hours by analyzing models of work start time choice that consider the trade-off between negative congestion externalities and positive production externalities. However, these studies employed flow congestion models to describe traffic congestion. This study develops a model of work start time choice with bottleneck congestion and discloses the intrinsic properties of the model. To this end, this study extends Henderson’s model to incorporate bottleneck congestion. By utilizing the properties of a potential game, we characterize equilibrium and optimal distributions of work start times. We also show that Pigouvian tax/subsidy policies generally yield multiple equilibria and that the first-best optimum must be a stable equilibrium under Pigouvian policies, whereas the second-best optimum in which policymakers cannot eliminate queuing congestion can be unstable.     

滑差对贝氏体钢轨材料磨损行为的影响

通过对磨试验研究接触应力相同时贝氏体钢轨的磨损率、表面粗糙度、硬度,并结合扫描电镜观测到的磨损表面和剖面的形貌特征,分析不同滑差条件下贝氏体钢轨的磨损行为特征和变化规律.结果表明:接触应力为500 MPa条件下,贝氏体钢轨磨损率随滑差的增大而显著增大,滑差由2%增大到10%时磨损率增大了8倍;小滑差条件下的贝氏体钢轨表面较光滑,有少量疲劳裂纹,以滚动接触疲劳磨损为主;大滑差条件下表面粗糙,有疲劳裂纹、剥落坑和表面划擦痕迹,更接近滑动磨损;增大滑差可导致磨损表面加工硬化率偏大;增大滑差对贝氏体钢轨表面的滚动接触疲劳裂纹在深度方向的扩展几乎无影响,且对塑性变形层厚度影响不明显;大滑差可引发亚表面次表层裂纹.     

船舶稳定计算在浅水倒驳抛石中的应用

针对船舶施工安全稳定性问题，以马来西亚槟城吹填二期（STP2）工程为例，介绍特定条件限制下的浅水抛石施工方法，以施工过程中的船舶稳定性验算为理论基础，判定了船舶的横倾角并通过工程实例验证，为类似工程提供相对简单、实用的船舶安全验算基础。     

某型潜艇尾流自导鱼雷命中概率方法研究*

尾流自导鱼雷命中概率是考核鱼雷作战效能的重要指标之一,它同鱼雷自身性能和目标尾流特性有直接关系。论文在研究水面舰艇尾流特性的基础上,建立了直航目标和机动目标的尾流区域模型,分析了鱼雷的攻击态势和射击方法,提出了鱼雷捕获概率和追踪概率的计算方法。该方法对计算鱼雷武器系统命中概率有一定的指导作用。     

船舶通信英语口语与听力课程标准

结合船舶驾驶员的岗位职责,依照现代职业教育理论和成果,设计了船舶通信英语口语与听力课程标准.对该课程的课程概述、培养目标、与前后课程的联系、教学内容与学时分配、学习资源、教师要求、学习场地与设施要求、考核方式与标准、学习情境设计进行了设计和描述,将船舶通信中典型工作任务转化为学习型任务.     

新时期做好高校人事服务工作的探讨

高校人事工作关系到教师的利益,影响着高校大学生的未来发展,加强人事工作服务意识是时代的需要,也是学校发展的需要。本文从服务的角度,探讨了高校人事工作服务内容及其内涵。     

Non‐compatible chemicals as cargoes in industry,on road,rail, and water

Toronto is to have an urban transit system with a passenger carrying capacity which fills the gap between the capacity of the subway and the capacity of the car and bus. Correspondingly, in the words of the Premier of Ontario, the system will “make possible an attractive alternative to high‐rise, high‐density living and urban sprawl. . . .” Furthermore, the new system is sufficiently economical to provide “. . . an encouragement to growth in appropriate areas, rather than merely responding to growth as it occurs . . .”

The decision to have such a system is the culmination of some years of major transportation activities in the Province, which included the Metropolitan Toronto and Region Transportation Study (MTARTS) of 1962. This study pursued both urban expressways and public transport solutions to the movement of people in Metropolitan Toronto.

The urban expressways programmes ran into difficulties, on environmental terms, when strong opposition from community groups was met on proposed routes. A climax came when the Ontario Government halted the construction of the controversial Spadina expressway in June 1971. However, the programmes of public transport solutions met with great success. The Toronto subway and its extensions, together with the change in land values along the route, has become a classic success story. So, too, has the introduction of the GO Train Service (Government of Ontario train service). This pioneered a combination of commuter rail service and integrated feeder buses and today replaces some 14,000 cars each day along the lakeshore highways.

The success of the subway and the GO train coupled with the difficulties experienced by the urban expressways programme, gave rise to the realisation that a better city through public transport rather than the car, was practicable. However, subways were too expensive and they needed a large patronage in a narrow corridor. Accordingly, an intermediate capacity transit system was sought.

The paper describes the programme of activities involved in the choice of the system and describes the technical specification which the system will enjoy. In particular, the demonstration installation which is to be set‐up in Toronto is described in detail, together with the plans to instal some 56 miles over five routes in Metropolitan Toronto.     

人机作业分析在轮对生产线中的应用

分析了某企业轮对生产线存在的作业人员与生产设备利用率低的问题,运用基础工业工程中的作业测定的相关方法对车轮生产中的钻辐板孔工序的工时数据进行了分析和整理,运用作业分析法对钻辐板孔工序的人机作业进行了优化与改进,从而得到更为合理的作业方法.     

编制国省道改建项目可研报告的几点心得体会

通过对近年来山东省国省道改建可研报告编制工作中常见问题及设计对策的总结,用工作实例提出了解决问题的思路和方法。